Prime Minister Giuseppe Conte apologised to Italians on Friday for their economic hardships and promised a brighter future once the lockdown lifts.

Italy will begin to emerge from the world's longest coronavirus shutdown on Monday and see whether two months of containment were enough to avoid a new contagion wave.

The Mediterranean country's death toll has officially reached 28,236 -- second only to the United States -- but its daily infection rates are back down to levels last seen in early March.

The length of Italy's lockdown means its economy is on course to contract more sharply than the eurozone's average.

Half the workforce is relying on state support and the same number told a poll published in the Corriere della Sera daily on Friday they were afraid of losing their job.

Conte admitted his government was late to pay out more than 50 billion euros ($55 billion) assigned to struggling families and businesses.

"There have been and continue to be some delays in the payments," Conte wrote on Facebook.

"I apologised on behalf of the government and assure you that we will continue to press for the payments and financing to be completed as soon as possible."

- 'The full weight' -
The Italian government expects the economy to shrink by about eight percent this year -- slightly less than the 9.1 percent projected by the International Monetary Fund.

But Conte warned on Thursday that the drop could reach 10 percent or more if the virus begins to spread again and further containment measures are needed.

The health ministry is developing a set of criteria to determine when to sound the alarm about a returning virus threat.

These include whether contagion rates were putting an unbearable burden on hospitals and if regions had enough tests and other means to track cases.

Conte's government is reportedly only considering reimposing local lockdowns rather than a national one should infection rates edge back up.

The disease has been especially damaging because it spread mostly across three regions that account for 45 percent of Italy's total economic output.

Conte assured Italians that he felt their suffering and understood their fears.

"Many are experiencing anxiety and concern in this crisis because of the closures and the risk to their jobs," Conte wrote.

"I have read some of your letters, put myself in your shoes and felt the full weight of what you feel."

Conte insisted that Italians will be rewarded for putting up with weeks of uncertainty and discomfort if strict social distancing measures are respected once restrictions ease.

He said four million Italians were returning to work on Monday "thanks to the first results" of containment.

But a study published by La Repubblica on Friday estimated that 72 percent of those back at their jobs will be men.

The country will first reopen construction sites and factories that employ few women.

This disparity "will end up burdening women with families with additional housework, risking a further reduction in their job opportunities, which are already undermined by the closure of schools," the study said.

Italy's subsequent rounds of easing will see everything gradually reopened over the course of May.